Geodesy, geology, topography from certified specialists Guild Engineering. We work in Ukraine


soil Characteristics

Engineering Geology and soil science

Of great importance for the design and construction of engineering-geological information. One of the most important aspects of this information is the characteristics of the soils. It depends on the solution of such tasks:

  1. Assessment of possibilities of construction activities on the land.
  2. The identification of possible complications during construction and operation of engineering structures.
  3. The choice of type of Foundation for the construction and calculation of its parameters.

So the question of how the characteristics of the soil, is section of engineering Geology that is called soil science. Soil science studies of any rocks exposed in connection with the engineering and economic activities of mankind. In contrast to these geological disciplines (lithology and petrography, examine rocks, soil science suitable to them as a multicomponent dynamic systems. The main provision of modern soil science is the dependence of the properties of soils from the conditions of their formation, composition, structure and texture.

Cost of performing geological surveys from 5 900 UAH check out

Classification and characteristics of soils

There are three major known groups of soils:

  • magmatic;
  • sedimentary;
  • metamorphic.

    the act establishing the boundaries of the land

  • This separation can simultaneously show their origin and the main characteristics (strength, density, etc.). Further, more fractional classification of soils provides accurate information about their characteristics, importance in the solution of various engineering and geological issues.

    Soil characteristics during the engineering survey begins with the fact that identified on the site soils fall into one of four types:

  • rock;
  • coarse-grained;
  • sandy;
  • clay.

  • A further scheme of study characteristics for each of the soil types has its own characteristics, associated with their differences. For example, rocky soil, have the most favourable construction on them, properties, subject only to two compulsory laboratory tests: the determination of the density and the resistance to uniaxial compression. For clay soils, which can vary greatly from each other in parameters, a number of characteristics that need to be defined – much longer and can include:

  • density;
  • the natural moisture;
  • the density of the skeleton;
  • maximum seal;
  • plasticity;
  • the boundaries of the rolling and yield strength;
  • strength (resistance to cutting);
  • compression;
  • trochus compression;
  • moisture content;
  • the ability to wetting;
  • granulometric composition;
  • the filter factor;
  • the content of soluble components;
  • the content of organic substances;
  • corrosion activity.

  • This is – an endless list of characteristics that are important for the design of construction on clay soils and, above all, to determine the design resistance of the Foundation soil load (the maximum weight that can withstand a unit of the ground plane without loss of bearing capacity).

    Of fundamental importance is getting as a result of studies of reliable information on the soils with which to deal with the builders during project implementation. This necessitates great care in the selection of soil samples for laboratory testing. The sample must retain the properties inherent in the soil in natural occurrence.

    If You need the characteristics of soils for construction purposes, the company "Guild Engineering", are engaged in carrying out engineering-geological surveys, a professional will do the work and prepare the relevant technical report.

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